Custom PA nylon plastic parts, POM plastic parts, and TPU soft plastic parts are core services in the engineering plastics processing field, widely used in high-end manufacturing scenarios such as automotive, electronics, and medical. This article will elaborate on the key points, process specifications, and technological trends of these three types of plastic parts customization, providing precise technical references for customization needs.
I. Material Characteristics and Customization Scenarios
1. PA Nylon Plastic Parts
PA (polyamide), commonly known as nylon, is characterized by its wear resistance, oil resistance, and balanced mechanical strength. Different models are suitable for different needs: PA6 has a density of 1.14 g/cm³ and a molding shrinkage rate of 0.8%-2.5%, suitable for medium-strength structural parts; PA66 has a density of 1.15 g/cm³ and a shrinkage rate of 1.5%-2.2%, with better high-temperature resistance, suitable for high-stress scenarios. Customized applications focus on automotive gears, electronic housings, and mechanical connectors, especially suitable for components that need to withstand long-term friction or oily environments.
2. POM Plastic Parts
POM (Polyoxymethylene) possesses excellent self-lubricating properties, dimensional stability, and fatigue strength. Its molding shrinkage is 1.5%-3.5%, long-term operating temperature ranges from -40℃ to 100℃, and tensile strength can reach over 60MPa. Its customization advantage lies in its high-precision molding capabilities, making it suitable for transmission components such as gears, sliders, and valves, and particularly suitable for precision machinery applications with stringent dimensional tolerance requirements (within ±0.05mm).
3. TPU Soft Plastic Parts
TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) combines the elasticity of rubber with the processability of plastic. Its density is 1.10-1.25g/cm³, Shore hardness ranges from A60 to D95, elongation at break is ≥500%, and it can withstand low temperatures down to -50℃. Its abrasion resistance is more than 5 times that of natural rubber. Customized applications cover seals, shock absorbers, medical catheters, etc., with core compatibility requiring flexible components that are flexible, tear-resistant, and resistant to environmental aging.
II. Customized Core Process Specifications
1. Raw Material Pretreatment
PA nylon requires drying at 100-110℃ for 12 hours, controlling the moisture content to ≤0.2% to avoid air bubble defects after molding; TPU soft rubber requires drying at 80-90℃ for 2-4 hours, ensuring a moisture content <0.1% to prevent hydrolysis during processing; POM has low hygroscopicity and does not require pre-drying under normal conditions, but is recommended to dry at 60℃ for 4 hours in humid seasons.
2. Molding Process Parameters
PA Nylon: Injection temperature 220-300℃, mold temperature 40-80℃. Adjust pressure according to the glass fiber content; glass fiber reinforced products require a 20% increase in injection pressure.
POM: Injection temperature 180-220℃, mold temperature 50-90℃. Use low-speed, high-pressure molding to reduce shrinkage marks.
TPU Soft Rubber: Injection temperature 190-230℃, mold temperature 20-50℃. For transparent products, control the mold temperature ≤30℃ to ensure light transmittance. All three materials support injection molding and extrusion processes. Complex structural parts can be rapidly prototyped using 3D printing.
3. Post-processing and Precision Control
PA nylon parts require moisture conditioning or annealing to stabilize dimensional shrinkage, with key dimensional tolerances controllable within ±0.03-±0.10mm; POM parts undergo low-temperature tempering to eliminate internal stress and ensure no deformation during long-term use; TPU soft rubber parts require removal of gate burrs to avoid affecting elasticity, and surface treatments such as frosting or texturing can improve feel.
III. Quality Control and Technological Trends
1. Key Testing Indicators
Mechanical Properties: PA nylon tensile strength ≥50MPa, POM impact strength ≥10kJ/m², TPU tear strength ≥30kN/m; Dimensional Accuracy: Measured using a coordinate measuring machine, key dimensional repeatability ≤±0.02mm; Environmental Adaptability: PA oil resistance test (performance retention rate ≥85% after 72 hours of immersion in machine oil), TPU high and low temperature cycling resistance (no cracking after alternating temperatures from -40℃ to 80℃).
2. Customized Technology Upgrades
Material Modification: PA is reinforced with glass fiber and modified for flame retardancy; POM is toughened to improve impact resistance; TPU bio-based materials are used to reduce carbon footprint and comply with RoHS and REACH environmental standards.
Process Innovation: Two-color injection molding achieves a combination of hard and soft components (e.g., TPU and PA composite parts); 3D printing is combined with traditional injection molding to shorten the small-batch customization cycle.
Intelligent Production: Closed-loop mold temperature control and online dimensional monitoring systems improve the consistency of customized parts.
3. Industry Application Trends
Automotive Sector: PA nylon lightweight structural parts, POM precision transmission parts, and TPU shock-absorbing seals are developing towards integrated customization.
Electronics Industry: Miniaturized customization (minimum feature size 0.3mm) is becoming mainstream; TPU transparent soft plastic parts are adapted for wearable devices.
Medical Sector: Demand for biocompatible TPU customized parts is increasing, meeting FDA and ISO 10993 standards.
Customization services for PA nylon, POM, and TPU soft rubber parts are fundamentally based on the precise matching of material properties with application scenarios, meticulous control of process parameters, and continuous empowerment through technological innovation. As high-end manufacturing continues to demand higher performance, precision, and environmental friendliness from components, material modification and upgrading, intelligent process optimization, and application scenario expansion will become the core development directions for customized services.
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